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SKRIPSI THE ANALYSIS OF COGNITIVE LEVEL AND GLOBAL DIVERSITY REPRESENTATION IN THE QUESTIONS OF THE ENGLISH TEXTBOOK ENTITLED 'ENGLISH FOR NUSANTARA
This qualitative research explored cognitive levels and global diversity issues
covered by the questions in the "English for Nusantara" book, which was published
by Kemendikbudristek. Recognizing that textbooks are central to students' learning,
this research used document analysis as the technique of the method to thoroughly
examine the questions in the book. Data collection was conducted by reading and
categorizing all the questions in a systematic way. The study followed two primary
frameworks that guided its design: Bloom's Revised Taxonomy (Anderson &
Krathwohl, 2015) for categorizing cognitive levels (Remembering, Understanding,
Applying, Analyzing, Evaluating, and Creating), and Kemendikbudristek's own
framework (2020) for global diversity, i.e., Understanding and Respecting Culture,
Intercultural Communication, Reflection and Responsibility for Diversity, and
Social Justice. The primary research objective was to distinctly ascertain how these
major thinking and diversity factors are reflected within the question framework of
the textbook.
This research answered the research objective to observe the distribution of
cognitive level and global diversity in the questions on the textbook. Among the
significant findings was a great imbalance in thinking questions: lower-level
thinking questions (LOTS) represented 65.7% of them, and higher-level thinking
questions (HOTS) represented merely 34.3%. In particular, Understanding (24.4%)
and Remembering (41.3%) questions were most frequent. Conversely, Applying
(3.3%), a type of Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS), questions were least
frequent. In the same vein, all four global themes of diversity were present but not
evenly distributed across the textbook. Reflection and Responsibility for Diversity
was most frequent (38.5%), followed by Understanding and Respecting Culture
(32.3%) and Intercultural Communication (16.9%). Social Justice (12.3%) was
given the least attention, indicating a definite area for improvement.
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